• 专利附录
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising an air conditioning device comprising at least one heat-treated air outlet, this air conditioning device comprising in particular an HVAC, and this system further comprising a control unit. arranged control for: - acquiring a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Clo) and / or a second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger, - acquiring a parameter relating to a thermal comfort state, this parameter being able to take at least two extreme values, one of the values being associated with a state of calm and the other of the values being associated with a dynamic state, - managing the air conditioning device to deliver air treated with a flow rate that is a function of this parameter, this flow being, for the same level of clothing and / or metabolic activity, more ble in the case where the parameter is associated with a calm state and higher in the case where the parameter is associated with a dynamic state.
    公开号:FR3078023A1
    申请号:FR1851376
    申请日:2018-02-19
    公开日:2019-08-23
    发明作者:Daniel NEVEU
    申请人:Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a thermal management process implemented by such a thermal management system.
    In a motor vehicle, it is known to provide management of the flow rates, temperatures and distribution of the air blown by the different aerators as a function of the external temperature and sunshine conditions. On certain vehicles, this can be combined with the activation of a heated steering wheel and / or a heated or cooled seat, and sometimes contact heated surfaces such as an elbow rest.
    The detection and / or taking into account of the thermal state of the passengers is almost nonexistent, except for a few examples of the use of infrared sensors which detect the surface temperature of the passengers' clothes to better maintain initial conditions during the transitional phase of 'reception (when the person comes from a cold or warm environment) and thermal balance resulting from radiative and convective exchanges. In general, the measurement of the thermal state of the passenger compartment is limited to a measurement of air temperatures combined with a sun sensor.
    More sophisticated approaches to comfort management have been proposed, based on new sensors, in particular infrared cameras, and new actuators, in particular radiant panels and / or localized air supplies.
    In addition, the management of thermal comfort and well-being of the passenger (s) in a vehicle must respond to changes in mobility (electrification, automation, sharing, connectivity) and the concern to rationalize consumption as much as possible. energy related to comfort, in particular on electric vehicles.
    Changes in mobility, in particular semi-autonomous / autonomous driving, as well as the development of car sharing practices are changing user expectations in terms of comfort. The vehicle is nothing more than a means of transport where users are in a waiting situation and constrained by the requirements linked to road traffic. The vehicle becomes a living space or a place of transition, with increasing expectations in terms of comfort and well-being on board.
    It is already known to manage the flow rates, temperatures and distribution of the air blown by the various aerators of an air conditioning device, as a function of the external temperature and sunshine conditions. On certain vehicles, this can be combined with the activation of a heated steering wheel and / or a heated or cooled seat, and sometimes heated surfaces by contact (elbow support, etc.).
    In general, the measurement of the thermal state of the passenger compartment is limited to a measurement of air temperatures combined with a sun sensor.
    Patent application WO2017041921 describes a thermal management system for a motor vehicle comprising a sensor capable of measuring at least one quantity usable for determining at least one piece of thermal comfort data and a predefined number of actuators respectively configured for the adjustment of '' at least one parameter of a vehicle equipment.
    The known control panels or “control panels” in English, which define interfaces, to adjust the thermal comfort vary enormously in terms of style, design, ergonomics, colors, materials according to the manufacturers and vehicles but are all organized around 4 functions keys:
    setting a temperature level, expressed on a qualitative scale (blue / red) or in degrees C (or F), setting an air flow level, generally expressed in levels from 0 to 4 or 5, the adjustment of the air diffusion mode, in general 5 modes proposed: “All Aeration” (air upwards for passengers - face and face-), “All Feet” (air towards the foot cellar), "Tout Dégi" (Air to the windshield), "Pieds Dégi" (Air to the foot cellar and the windshield), "PiedsVentilation" (Air to the foot cellar and the top of the passengers), the setting the air renewal rate, generally with 2 possible positions: Fresh air or Recirculated air.
    There is a need to provide vehicles with an ability to adapt to the needs of each user and to different contexts of use.
    The applicant has observed that the traditional interfaces of the air conditioning system are not directly centered on the needs or feelings of the user but on the management of the actuators. For example, we talk about setting a passenger compartment temperature at 21 ° C when the temperature of the supply air can be hot in winter and cold in summer and we lack benchmarks to know if it is better to ask for 21 ° C or 23 ° C. Likewise, many people complain of the annoyance caused by drafts on the face without knowing whether to prioritize the air flow or the choice and orientation of the aerators to reduce it. It also does not take into account the state of the user at the time considered, such as his clothing or his energy activity, for example if he returns to jog. This results in the need to imagine a new interface that is more focused on the demand for thermal sensations (softer / more aggressive) and taking into account the state of the user in the context of use.
    The invention thus relates to a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, system comprising an air conditioning device comprising at least one outlet for heat treated air, this air conditioning device comprising in particular an HVAC, and this system comprising in addition to a control unit arranged for:
    - acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
    - acquire a parameter relating to a thermal comfort state or comfort style, this parameter possibly taking at least two extreme values, one of the values being associated with a calm state and the other of the values being associated with a dynamic state ,
    - manage the air conditioning system to deliver treated air with a flow rate which is a function of this parameter, this flow rate being, for the same level of clothing and / or metabolic activity, lower in the case where the parameter is associated with a calm state and higher in the case where the parameter is associated with a dynamic state.
    The invention allows a more intuitive, easier and richer use which goes in the direction:
    - a better understanding by the vehicle of users' expectations and needs, whether due to their personal profile, their preferences or a specific context of use,
    - better understanding by users of the operating modes, options and settings offered by the vehicle to ensure their comfort
    These two approaches are complementary and go in the direction of improving communication and the richness of exchanges between the vehicle and the users to ensure their comfort.
    The invention allows a break with traditional control panels based on the choice and control of a passenger compartment temperature, a ventilation level, and a distribution mode, as described above.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to allow automatic adjustment of the temperature level generated by different actuators of the air conditioning device, by machine learning and / or progressive calibration of the profile and preferences of the user.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system has no direct adjustment by a passenger, a level of ventilation and a mode of air distribution. The interface does not have direct adjustment of a ventilation level and an air distribution mode)
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to determine a type of air distribution and the level of ventilation by the air conditioning device, depending in particular on the context of use, the state of the passenger and the ambient temperature.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged so that the first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or the second datum representative (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity are used as thermal demand depending on the current state of the passenger, for example physical or cognitive stress. These two data combined with the choice of a thermal comfort state, or comfort style, are arranged to allow automatic adjustment of the temperature level generated by different actuators of the air conditioning device, in particular of the radiant panel (s) and / or the air treated by HVAC, by machine learning and progressive calibration of the profile and user preferences.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system has no direct setting on the part of a passenger, of a target temperature when the profile and preferences of the user are known.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to memorize and / or acquire at least one of the following elements:
    -a user profile,
    - at least one contextual element such as the first data representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or the second data representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passage,
    - a parameter representative of a state of thermal comfort.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises a member for adjusting the heat felt by the passenger, of the "Cooler / Warmer" type, to allow the user, by requesting more or less heat felt by this adjustment member, to contribute to machine learning or for an occasional user, this adjustment member being in particular connected to the control device.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is devoid of direct adjustment on the part of a passenger, of the air renewal rate, which is managed automatically according to the context, in particular of information related to the risk of pollution, humidity in the passenger compartment, if necessary except via the possible activation at any time of a "demisting and / or defrosting" mode which corresponds to a safety function. Access to humidity control and adjustment can be offered as an option.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to control sensors and / or actuators used to ensure the comfort of the passenger or passengers in the vehicle, based on the following parameters:
    the parameter linked to the comfort state adapted to the passenger or passengers,
    - a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
    - at least one parameter representative of the passenger's profile.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged so that the above parameters are freely selectable by the user, according to his preferences or the context of use of the vehicle, or automatically proposed by the comfort control system , through knowledge of the user profile, learning their habits or preferences, and processing information from sensors.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to automatically control the above parameters while allowing the user at any time to modify one or more of these parameters, whether to indicate to the system an error of appreciation on the thermal state of the person (for example the clothing and / or the metabolism) and / or an error of appreciation on his request for thermal comfort (for example the style of comfort, the possible correction of the level once the thermal state is known).
    According to one aspect of the invention, the comfort control device is arranged to enrich and / or update a knowledge base according to the modifications made by the passenger with a learning logic aimed at improving the detection or prediction of passenger status and expectations over future use of the control device.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the control device is capable of detecting or predicting the condition and / or the demand of each passenger according to a personalized model specific to each passenger.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the state of comfort or style of comfort, in particular "Calm / Dynamic", corresponds to the importance assigned to the use of air to manage thermal comfort and create thermal sensations. .
    According to one aspect of the invention, in winter, comfort of the "calm" type is associated with the increased use of radiant heating (higher temperatures of the radiant panels) and a reduced use of convective heating (temperature and / or flow reduced air). Conversely, "dynamic" comfort is associated with increased use of warm air, feet first and the bust and face in "very dynamic" mode, for example.
    According to one aspect of the invention, in summer, comfort of the "Calm" type is associated with a reduced use of air speeds in the vicinity of the passenger's body by favoring air outlets of the "Feet" type and / or "Defrosting". Comfort of the “Dynamic” type is associated with an increase in the air speeds perceived on the body, in particular on the bust and face, in particular by prioritizing the aerators of the board, and preferably in “High Dynamic” mode. , using ventilation nozzles in the pillars.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the data on the level of clothing and the metabolic state is sufficient to determine the temperature level to be achieved on the various actuators (air temperature, radiant panels, etc.), as soon as the person's profile and preferences are entered.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to allow the passenger to choose a "Warmer / Cooler" temperature preference compared to the settings proposed automatically. This setting is considered optional, since this setting is only used in learning mode or for an occasional user whose profile is not known. In particular, access to this setting does not replace the automatic taking into account of the user's state.
    In particular the temperature preference can be expressed in value: -2 ° C / + 1 ° C etc., or qualitatively: "frankly colder >>," colder >>, "slightly colder >>" slightly warmer >>, etc ... with a setting limited to a set of reduced values, typically -3 / +3.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the default setting, in particular a neutral setting, corresponds to the average expectations estimated for the panel of targeted users, according to climatic conditions, comfort style and state of the users.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to generate information representative of the level of confidence attributed to the knowledge bases and / or models used to assess the state and the thermal demand of the user.
    According to one aspect of the invention, this information representative of the level of confidence is generated in the form of the display of an icon or any other graphic or text element, or any other element of communication.
    According to one aspect of the invention, this information representative of the level of confidence is arranged to establish a dialogue between the vehicle and the passenger to show both:
    - the ability of the control system to identify and propose comfort management options which will be enriched by a learning process over time,
    - the need and ability of the system to learn and improve thanks to user feedback and requests.
    This information representative of the level of confidence can be of two kinds, as follows:
    - the system highlights that it thinks it has detected a specific thermal condition or request and is in a position to offer the passenger a solution,
    - the system lacks information and asks the passenger to enter or confirm certain parameters.
    According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the system is arranged to generate:
    - an activation element to activate at least one automatic comfort management mode. It is possible to provide two modes of automatic comfort management, one favoring uncompromising comfort, the other favoring a reduction in energy consumption.
    According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, as soon as the user modifies at least one of the parameters, the system switches to the “Manual” management mode until the activation of one of the automatic modes is reset.
    According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the system is arranged to generate:
    - an actuation element to activate a safe mode of demisting and defrosting the windshield,
    - if necessary, a second activation element to manage the humidity level in the passenger compartment,
    - the display of key information providing information on the configuration of comfort management, with, and without being exhaustive:
    o the identity of the person or user profile with which the current comfort management model is associated. This identity can be recognized automatically or selected / modified if necessary, o the outdoor ambient temperature, o the temperature perceived by the user, which is a fictitious temperature calculated from different actual measured temperatures and which characterizes the global equivalent temperature of an atmosphere (air and walls) which would give the same average thermal feeling in calm air, o the energy consumption induced by the configuration of comfort management, which can be expressed advantageously in two ways:
    Z the autonomy lost compared to a reference autonomy, for example the autonomy on the WLTC cycle, or the autonomy induced on this reference cycle, z a color code, or any other graphic or textual element, which expresses whether the configuration and choice of comfort parameters are eco-responsible, or in other words if they allow energy consumption to be minimized without significantly degrading comfort. For example, in winter, being dressed warm and promoting radiant comfort will be positively rated.
    In summer, light hold and the use of dynamic mode with close nozzles will also be positively rated.
    In both cases, the display methods and choices aim to make users aware of the consequences of their choice on the consumption and autonomy of the vehicle, in a neutral and constant frame of reference which allows a better appreciation of the consequences of climatic conditions and options. comfort.
    The invention also relates to an interface device between a thermal management system as described above and a passenger of the vehicle, this interface device comprising:
    - an adjustment member, in particular a touch button, arranged to put the passenger to adjust the first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity,
    - a parameter setting member relating to a state of thermal comfort.
    The invention also relates to an interface device between a thermal management system arranged to manage and control the interactions between a passenger and the thermal management system of a motor vehicle, this device being designed to:
    allow the user to be informed of various information describing the configuration, the state and the operating parameters of the thermal comfort management system, allow the user to configure, configure and activate various functions of the thermal comfort management system , allow the adjustment of at least three parameters determining the configuration and adjustment of the thermal comfort management system for an identified person, namely:
    o a parameter relating to the choice of a style of thermal comfort, of the "softer" or "more dynamic" type
    o two parameters relating to the description of the user's state:
    a level of clothing a level of metabolic activity
    The invention also relates to a thermal management method for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, using an air conditioning device comprising at least one outlet for heat treated air, this air conditioning device comprising in particular an HVAC, and this method comprising the steps following:
    - acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
    - acquire a parameter relating to a state of thermal comfort, this parameter possibly taking at least two extreme values, one of the values being associated with a state of calm and the other of the values being associated with a dynamic state,
    - manage the air conditioning system to deliver treated air with a flow rate which is a function of this parameter, this flow rate being, for the same level of clothing and / or metabolic activity, lower in the case where the parameter is associated with a calm state and higher in the case where the parameter is associated with a dynamic state.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises at least one sensor arranged to measure a parameter used to determine at least one of the data.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the sensor is chosen from:
    - a camera, in particular a DMS camera, arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
    - an infrared dome formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperature of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
    - a sun sensor,
    - a temperature sensor at the outlet of an air conditioning system or an HVAC after the exchangers,
    - a temperature sensor prevailing in the passenger compartment.
    A DMS camera (Driver Monitoring System in English) is a camera operating in the near infrared and can be used to recover an image of the driver's face and / or bust, regardless of the brightness in the passenger compartment. Thanks to algorithms, in particular by physical analysis or by using big data or big data in English, we can deduce a lot of information such as: recognition of the identity of the passenger, evaluation of the level of fatigue, estimation of the heart rate, recognition of the clothes worn at the top of the body.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises an air conditioning device, in particular an HVAC, and the system is arranged to measure a parameter used to determine the third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, this parameter being linked to the state of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning from the air conditioning device.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the first datum (Cio) representative of the level of clothing of the passenger in the passenger compartment corresponds to a thermal resistance of the clothing worn by the passenger.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to process an image taken by a camera and to, from this image, determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat) worn by the passenger, in particular by image recognition, the system being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity is dependent at least on a passenger's heart rate which is measured in particular by a system camera, in particular a DMS camera.
    According to one aspect of the invention, this camera is arranged to observe changes in color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood in the skin of the face, and the system measures the heart rate from these images.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity is dependent at least on a physical characteristic of the passenger which is measured in particular by a system camera, in particular a DMS camera.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the camera is arranged to measure, in particular by image processing, physical characteristics of the passenger, in particular gender, age, size and volume. It is possible to deduct the weight.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent both on a heart rate of the passenger and at least on a physical characteristic of the passenger.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponding to a thermal surface power produced by the passenger.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by a sensor, in particular by an infrared dome, calculate the radiative temperature for at least one part, in particular several parts, of the passenger body such as head, chest, back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the calculation is carried out for at least six distinct parts of the body, in particular at least ten distinct parts of the body such as head, neck, torso, arms, hands, back, buttocks, thighs, legs, feet .
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a part of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves , feet, arms, in particular from the power of an air blower and / or from the distribution of HVAC and / or from the supply air temperature and from the cabin temperature, and in particular on the base of abacuses.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is designed to, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, estimate, in particular from abacuses, the air speed at contact of one or more parts of the passenger's body.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to acquire characteristics of the HVAC, such as the position of the flaps and a characteristic of the blower, to estimate the air speed at the level of the passengers.
    According to one aspect of the invention, these temperatures and / or speeds are used to calculate the third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the thermal power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the powers exchanged are a function of the local air speed, the local air temperature, the local radiant temperature, the surface of the passengers, the level of clothing of the passenger (Cio ) and the second representative data (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the metabolism of the passengers and, by multiplying this difference in power by a coefficient, determining a value of the thermal comfort index (PMV).
    According to one aspect of the invention, this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of passengers. It is also possible to define instructions for thermal actuators in order to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
    Unlike known regulations which are exclusively based on parameters external to the passengers (cabin temperature, outside temperature, sunshine), the invention preferably uses both external data and characteristics of the passengers. We can thus refine the thermal need to achieve thermal comfort for passengers.
    The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended drawing in which:
    - Figure 1 illustrates, schematically and partially, a thermal system according to the invention,
    FIG. 2 illustrates steps of the method of managing thermal comfort in the system of FIG. 1,
    FIG. 3 represents the different areas of the passenger involved in the method of FIG. 2,
    - Figure 4 shows, schematically and partially, an interface device according to the invention.
    FIG. 1 shows a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a control unit 2 arranged for:
    - acquire a first datum (Cio) representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment,
    - acquire a second representative data (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity,
    - acquire a third data representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment,
    - determine a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the three data thus acquired.
    The system includes several sensors arranged to measure several parameters used to determine the first, second and third data.
    These sensors include:
    - a DMS 3 camera arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
    - an infrared dome 4 formed by a wide angle infrared camera placed on a passenger compartment ceiling and which makes it possible to measure the temperature of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
    - a sun sensor 5,
    - a temperature sensor 6 at the outlet of an air conditioning device or the HVAC 10,
    - a temperature sensor 7 prevailing in the passenger compartment.
    The system 1 is arranged to measure a parameter used to determine the third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, this parameter being linked to the state of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the device or the distribution of air conditioning from the air conditioning system.
    The first datum (Cio) representative of the level of clothing of the passenger in the passenger compartment corresponds to a measured thermal resistance of the clothing worn by the passenger.
    To this end, the system 1 is arranged to process an image taken by the camera 3 and to, from this image, determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat) worn by the passenger, in particular by image recognition, the system 1 being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
    The second representative datum (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity is dependent on a passenger's heart rate HR which is measured in particular by the camera 3, as can be seen in FIG. 3.
    This camera 3 is arranged to observe changes in color of the passenger's face due to the displacement of blood at the level of the skin of the face, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
    The second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a physical characteristic of the passenger which is measured by the camera 6 to determine, by image processing, the physical characteristics PC of the passenger, in particular the sex, age, size and volume, and indirectly weight.
    The second datum representative MET of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponds to a thermal surface power PS produced by the passenger deduced using the datum PC.
    Several data representative of passenger metabolic activity (MET) are used.
    The system 1 is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by the infrared dome 4, calculate the radiative temperature for several parts of the passenger's body such as the head Z1, the bust Z2, the back Z3, the legs Z4, feet Z5, arms Z6 and hands Z7, as can be seen in Figure 3.
    System 1 is designed to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a part of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms, in particular at based on the power of an air blower and / or the distribution of HVAC and / or the supply air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the basis of charts.
    System 1 is designed to, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, estimate, in particular from abacuses, the air speed in contact with a part or more passenger body parts.
    These temperatures and / or speeds TV are used to calculate the third datum representative of the passenger’s thermal environment in the passenger compartment.
    The system 1 is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the thermal power exchanged part by part of the body, notably the head, the bust, the back, the legs, the calves, the feet, arms. This total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) is a function of the Cio, Met and PS data.
    In fact, the powers exchanged are a function of the local air speed, the local air temperature, the local radiant temperature, the surface of the passengers, the level of clothing of the passenger (Cio) and the second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger.
    System 1 is designed to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the metabolism of the passengers and, by multiplying this difference in power by a coefficient, determining a value of the comfort index thermal (PMV).
    According to one aspect of the invention, this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of passengers. It is also possible to define instructions for thermal actuators in order to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
    The method is arranged to take into account heat exchanges by respiration, sweating and perspiration, as a function of ambient temperature and humidity and of metabolism in order to estimate a comfort index.
    Metabolic activity is determined based on the day and / or time, gender, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and data or knowledge of current or previous activities.
    The control unit 2 is further arranged for:
    - acquire the first data representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or the second data representative (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity,
    - acquire a parameter relating to a thermal comfort state or comfort style, this parameter possibly taking at least two extreme values, one of the values being associated with a calm state and the other of the values being associated with a dynamic state ,
    - manage the air conditioning device 10 to deliver treated air with a flow rate which is a function of this parameter, this flow rate being, for the same level of clothing and / or metabolic activity, lower in the case where the parameter is associated with a calm state and higher in the case where the parameter is associated with a dynamic state.
    The system 1 is arranged to allow automatic adjustment of the temperature level generated by different actuators of the air conditioning device, by machine learning and / or progressive calibration of the profile and preferences of the user.
    The system 1 is arranged to determine a type of air distribution and the level of ventilation by the air conditioning device, depending in particular on the context of use, the state of the passenger and the ambient temperature.
    The system 1 is arranged so that the first data representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or the second data representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger are used as thermal demand as a function of the current state of the passenger, for example physical or cognitive stress.
    The system is designed to store and / or acquire at least one of the following:
    -a user profile,
    - at least one contextual element such as the first data representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or the second data representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passage,
    - a parameter representative of a state of thermal comfort.
    As illustrated in FIG. 4, the system comprises a member 40 for adjusting the heat felt by the passenger, of the “Colder /
    Warmer ", to allow the user, by requesting more or less heat felt by this adjustment member, to contribute to machine learning or for an occasional user, this adjustment member being in particular connected to the control device.
    The system 1 is arranged to control sensors and / or actuators used to ensure the comfort of the passenger or passengers in the vehicle, based on the following parameters:
    - the parameter linked to the state of comfort adapted to the passenger or passengers,
    - a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
    - at least one parameter representative of the passenger's profile.
    As illustrated in FIG. 4, the system 1 comprises an interface device 40 between a thermal management system as described above and a passenger of the vehicle, this interface device comprising:
    - an adjustment member 51, in particular a touch button, arranged to put the passenger to adjust the first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio)
    an adjustment member 52, in particular a touch button, arranged to put the passenger to adjust the second representative datum (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity,
    - A setting member 53 of the parameter relating to a state of thermal comfort.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system 1 is arranged so that the above parameters are freely selectable by the user, according to his preferences or the context of use of the vehicle, or automatically proposed by the control system of the comfort, through knowledge of the user profile, learning their habits or preferences, and processing information from sensors.
    The system 1 is arranged to automatically control the above parameters while allowing the user at any time to modify one or more of these parameters, either to indicate to the system an error of assessment on the state thermal of the person (for example clothing and / or metabolism) and / or an error of assessment on his request for thermal comfort (for example the style of comfort, the possible correction of the temperature level once known the thermal state).
    According to one aspect of the invention, the comfort control device is arranged to enrich and / or update a knowledge base according to the modifications made by the passenger with a learning logic aimed at improving the detection or prediction of passenger status and expectations over future use of the control device.
    According to one aspect of the invention, in winter, comfort of the “Calm” type is associated with the increased use of radiant heating (higher temperatures of the radiant panels) and a reduced use of convective heating (temperature and / or flow rate d 'reduced air). Conversely, "dynamic" comfort is associated with increased use of warm air, feet first and the bust and face in "very dynamic" mode, for example.
    According to one aspect of the invention, in summer, comfort of the "Calm" type is associated with a reduced use of air speeds in the vicinity of the passenger's body by favoring air outlets of the "Feet" type and / or "Defrosting". Comfort of the “Dynamic” type is associated with an increase in the air speeds perceived on the body, in particular on the bust and face, in particular by prioritizing the aerators of the board, and preferably in “High Dynamic” mode, in using ventilation nozzles in the pillars.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the data on the level of clothing and the metabolic state is sufficient to determine the temperature level to be achieved on the various actuators (air temperature, radiant panels, etc.), as soon as the person's profile and preferences are entered.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to allow the passenger to choose a "Warmer / Cooler" temperature preference compared to the settings proposed automatically. This setting is considered optional, since this setting is only used in learning mode or for an occasional user whose profile is not known. In particular, access to this setting does not replace the automatic taking into account of the user's state.
    In particular the temperature preference can be expressed in value: -2 ° C / + 1 ° C etc., or qualitatively: "frankly colder", "colder", "slightly colder" "slightly more hot >>, etc ... with a setting limited to a set of reduced values, typically -3 / +3.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the default setting, in particular a neutral setting, corresponds to the average expectations estimated for the panel of targeted users, according to climatic conditions, comfort style and state of the users.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to generate information representative of the level of confidence attributed to the knowledge bases and / or models used to assess the state and the thermal demand of the user.
    According to one aspect of the invention, this information representative of the level of confidence is generated in the form of the display of an icon or any other graphic or text element, or any other element of communication.
    According to one aspect of the invention, this information representative of the level of confidence is arranged to establish a dialogue between the vehicle and the passenger to show both:
    - the ability of the control system to identify and propose comfort management options which will be enriched by a learning process over time,
    - the need and ability of the system to learn and improve thanks to user feedback and requests.
    This information representative of the level of confidence can be of two kinds, as follows:
    - the system highlights that it thinks it has detected a specific thermal condition or request and is in a position to offer the passenger a solution,
    - the system lacks information and asks the passenger to enter or confirm certain parameters.
    According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the system is arranged to generate:
    - an activation element to activate at least one automatic comfort management mode. It is possible to provide two modes of automatic comfort management, one favoring uncompromising comfort, the other favoring a reduction in energy consumption.
    According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, as soon as the user modifies at least one of the parameters, the system switches to the “Manual” management mode until the activation of one of the automatic modes is reset.
    According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the system is arranged to generate:
    - an actuation element to activate a safe mode of demisting and defrosting the windshield,
    - if necessary, a second activation element to manage the humidity level in the passenger compartment,
    - the display of key information providing information on the configuration of comfort management, with, and without being exhaustive:
    o the identity of the person or user profile with which the current comfort management model is associated. This identity can be recognized automatically or selected / modified if necessary, o the outdoor ambient temperature, o the temperature perceived by the user, which is a fictitious temperature calculated from different actual measured temperatures and which characterizes the global equivalent temperature of an atmosphere (air and walls) which would give the same average thermal feeling in calm air, o the energy consumption induced by the configuration of comfort management, which can be expressed advantageously in two ways:
    J the autonomy lost compared to a reference autonomy, for example the autonomy on the WLTC cycle, or the autonomy induced on this reference cycle,
    J a color code, or any other graphic or textual element, which expresses whether the configuration and choice of comfort parameters are eco-responsible, or in other words if they allow energy consumption to be minimized without significantly degrading comfort. For example, in winter, being dressed warm and promoting radiant comfort will be positively rated. In summer, light hold and the use of dynamic mode with close nozzles will also be positively rated.
    In both cases, the display methods and choices aim to make users aware of the consequences of their choice on the consumption and autonomy of the vehicle, in a neutral and constant frame of reference which allows a better appreciation of the consequences of climatic conditions and options. comfort.
    The invention also relates to an interface device between a thermal management system arranged to manage and control the interactions between a passenger and the thermal management system of a motor vehicle, this device being designed to:
    allow the user to be informed of various information describing the configuration, the state and the operating parameters of the thermal comfort management system, allow the user to configure, configure and activate various functions of the thermal comfort management system , allow the adjustment of at least three parameters determining the configuration and adjustment of the thermal comfort management system for an identified person, namely:
    o a parameter relating to the choice of a style of thermal comfort, of the "softer" or "more dynamic" type
    o two parameters relating to the description of the user's state:
    a level of clothing a level of metabolic activity
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Thermal management system (1) for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, system comprising an air conditioning device comprising at least one outlet for heat treated air, this air conditioning device comprising in particular an HVAC (10), and this system comprising in addition to a control unit arranged for:
    - acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
    - acquire a parameter relating to a state of thermal comfort, this parameter possibly taking at least two extreme values, one of the values being associated with a state of calm and the other of the values being associated with a dynamic state,
    - manage the air conditioning system to deliver treated air with a flow rate which is a function of this parameter, this flow rate being, for the same level of clothing and / or metabolic activity, lower in the case where the parameter is associated with a calm state and higher in the case where the parameter is associated with a dynamic state.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. System according to the preceding claim, being arranged to allow automatic adjustment of the temperature level generated by different actuators of the air conditioning device, by machine learning and / or progressive calibration of the profile and preferences of the user.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. System according to one of the preceding claims, being arranged to store and / or acquire at least one of the following elements:
    -a user profile,
    - at least one contextual element such as the first data representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or the second data representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passage,
    - a parameter representative of a state of thermal comfort.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system comprising a regulating member (50) of the heat felt by the passenger, in particular of the "Cooler / Warmer" type, to allow the user, by requesting more or less heat felt by this adjustment member, to contribute to machine learning or for an occasional user, this adjustment member being in particular connected to the control device.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system being arranged so that the above parameters are freely selectable by the user, according to his preferences or the context of use of the vehicle, or automatically proposed by the system. comfort control, via knowledge of the user profile, learning their habits or preferences, and processing information from sensors.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system being arranged to automatically control the above parameters while allowing the user at any time to modify one or more of these parameters, either to indicate to the system an error of appreciation on the thermal state of the person and / or an error of appreciation on his request for thermal comfort.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. System according to one of the preceding claims, the comfort control device being arranged to enrich and / or update a knowledge base according to the modifications made by the passenger with a learning logic aimed at improving detection. or prediction of the passenger's condition and expectations over future uses of the control device.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system being arranged to generate information representative of the level of confidence attributed to the knowledge bases and / or models used to assess the state and the thermal demand of the user.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Interface device between a thermal management system according to one of the preceding claims and a passenger of the vehicle, this interface device comprising:
    - an adjustment member, in particular a touch button, arranged to put the passenger to adjust the first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity,
    - a parameter setting member relating to a state of thermal comfort.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Interface device between a thermal management system arranged to manage and control the interactions between a passenger and a thermal management system of a motor vehicle, this device being arranged for:
    allow the user to be informed of various information describing the configuration, status and operating parameters of the thermal comfort management system, allow the user to configure, configure and activate various functions of the thermal comfort management system , allow the adjustment of at least three parameters determining the configuration and adjustment of the thermal comfort management system for an identified person, namely:
    o a parameter relating to the choice of a style of thermal comfort, of the "softer" or "more dynamic" type
    o two parameters relating to the description of the user's state:
    a level of clothing a level of metabolic activity
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. A method of thermal management for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, using an air conditioning device comprising at least one outlet for heat treated air, this air conditioning device comprising in particular an HVAC, and this method comprising the following steps:
    - acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
    - acquire a parameter relating to a state of thermal comfort, this parameter possibly taking at least two extreme values, one of the values being associated with a state of calm and the other of the values being associated with a dynamic state,
    - manage the air conditioning system to deliver treated air with a flow rate which is a function of this parameter, this flow rate being, for the same level of clothing and / or metabolic activity, lower in the case where the parameter is associated with a calm state and higher in the case where the parameter is associated with a dynamic state.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3078023B1|2020-05-22|
    WO2019158887A1|2019-08-22|
    EP3755555A1|2020-12-30|
    US20210114433A1|2021-04-22|
    CN111757814A|2020-10-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2005024311A1|2003-09-11|2005-03-17|The University Of Reading|Control method and apparatus for an air conditioner using occupant feedback|
    DE102008059553A1|2008-11-28|2010-06-10|Behr-Hella Thermocontrol Gmbh|Motor vehicle indoor temperature regulating method, involves contactlessly detecting type and/or condition of clothing of occupant during existence of information source, and operating air-conditioning system depending on detection result|
    WO2011141506A1|2010-05-12|2011-11-17|Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives|Customized control of the thermal comfort of an occupant of a building|
    US20120232715A1|2011-03-11|2012-09-13|Honeywell International Inc.|Room thermal comfort monitor|
    WO2016175219A1|2015-04-28|2016-11-03|Mitsubishi Electric Corporation|Method and system for personalizing a heating ventilation and air conditioning system|
    WO2017173222A1|2016-04-01|2017-10-05|Gentherm Inc.|Occupant thermal state detection and comfort adjustment system and method|WO2021216232A1|2020-04-20|2021-10-28|Gentherm Incorporated|Machine learning algorithm for controlling thermal comfort|FR3040658B1|2015-09-08|2018-12-07|Valeo Systemes Thermiques|THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MOTOR VEHICLE AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT METHOD THEREOF|EP3871910A1|2020-02-28|2021-09-01|Ningbo Geely Automobile Research & Development Co. Ltd.|Regulation of vehicle interior climate|
    FR3108270A1|2020-03-18|2021-09-24|Valeo Systemes Thermiques|Passenger thermal comfort management system|
    法律状态:
    2019-02-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-08-23| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20190823 |
    2020-02-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-02-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1851376A|FR3078023B1|2018-02-19|2018-02-19|THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE INTERIOR|
    FR1851376|2018-02-19|FR1851376A| FR3078023B1|2018-02-19|2018-02-19|THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE INTERIOR|
    CN201980014212.6A| CN111757814A|2018-02-19|2019-02-19|Motor vehicle thermal management system|
    US16/970,843| US20210114433A1|2018-02-19|2019-02-19|Motor vehicle thermal management system|
    PCT/FR2019/050375| WO2019158887A1|2018-02-19|2019-02-19|Motor vehicle thermal management system|
    EP19711965.4A| EP3755555A1|2018-02-19|2019-02-19|Motor vehicle thermal management system|
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